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About the Author
Gina Patel, MPharm, PhD
President and CEO, Patel Kwan Consultancy
Gina Patel, MPharm, PhD
President and CEO, Patel Kwan Consultancy
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Food Effect on Pharmacokinetics
Physiological Impact of Food Food can impact the absorption of drugs, and alter the bioavailability by impacting the rate and extent of absorption. The physiological impact of meals can result in: Delayed gastric emptying Stimulation of bile flow Changes in gastrointestinal pH Increased splanchnic blood flow Changes in luminal metabolism of a drug substance Physical […]
Pharmacokinetics of Different Administration Routes
Drugs can be administered by many different routes, with the most common being oral administration of drugs either as tablets, capsules or liquids. Other routes of administration include intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, topical, inhalation, buccal, sublingual, intrathecal etc. Despite many routes of administration, we can generally divide them up into intravascular or extravascular. For drugs administered […]
Compartmental Models
In a non-compartmental model we assume the person to be like a well-stirred beaker. The entire dose is considered equally distributed through the body. Most drugs do not distribute evenly throughout the body and may preferentially distribute to different organs or tissues. If we think about what happens when we take a drug, after the […]
Non-Compartmental Analysis
What is the purpose of non-compartmental analysis? Non-compartmental analysis of pharmacokinetic data provides basic information on the exposure of drug, typically in plasma. This allows us to compare drug exposure to potential safety and efficacy endpoints of concern. Non-compartmental analysis plays a critical role in guiding drug development from preclinical studies through first in human […]